Richard s



(No Modl.)

R. S. WARING & J. B HYDE. PROCESS OF AND APPARATUS FOR INSULATING WIREPoR ELECTRIC USES.

Patented Nov. 7, 1882.

. Fig.4.

Witnesses.-

UNITED STATES PAT T OFFICE.

RICHARD S. WARING, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA, AND J. BURROWS HYDE, OFNEW YORK, N. Y.

PROCESSv F AND APPARATUS FOR INSULATING WIRES FOR ELECTRIC USES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 267,044, dated November7, 1882.

Application filed July 17, 1882. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern: andstoring reel Fig. 4, a plan view ofaseries 0 Beit known that we, RICHARD S. WARING, a of reels in themolding'kettle. Fig. 5 is a plan citizen of and residing at Pittsburg,county of view ofa molding-table. Fig. 6 represents a Allegheny, StateofPennsylvania, and J.BUR- coil of prepared wire. Fig. 7 is an enlarged5 ROWS HYDE,acitizen ofand residing utthe city, view ofstrippers andgagesofiand 7a, with holdcounty, and State of New Yo: k, have inventeding-band and set-screw. certain new and useful Improvements in Pro- Thesame letters denote like parts in all the cess of and Apparatus forInsulating Wires for figures. Electric Uses, of which the followingis aspecia is the molding-kettle; b, the fire-place, com- [0 fication,reference being had therein to the aoposed of masonry, which supportsthe moldingcompanying drawings. kettle; c, the grate-bars; d, reelsrotating on Our invention relates chiefly to insulating movable bearingsin journals fixed in the ends the wires for underground cables forteleof the molding-kettle, carrying covered wires; graphs, telephones,electric-lighting, and simie, stripping-band to remove excess of hotcom- 1 lar purposes. Clhe wires, after being treated position asitescapes from the submerged reel;

by ourpr0cess,willbefoundtobeadvantageous Ii, molding-table; i, dies ofmetal or other for use above ground and under water, or proper material,having conical perforations along the beds ofrivers, &c. to strip offexcess of composition from the The object of our invention is toinsulate wires; k, molding-diesofsimilarshape to gage 20 wires byimmersing them in an insulating comthe covered wire, andm receiving andstoring pound, which compound will form the subject reel and-stand. 7oofaseparate application. In the application of insulating media to Ourpresent invention consists in the applielectric wires it is common tofirst wind or cation of insulating media to electric wires in braid thewire with several coverings of cotton 25 the following manner: by firstcovering the thread by machinery, and then coat or varnish wire withcotton or other fibrous material in this cotton with some insulator andafter the the usual way, then immersing the prepared inner layer issovarnished and the outer ones wires, in coils or otherwise, into baths ofheatleft unprotected and exposed to the air, most I ed insulatingmaterial at high temperature, to vegetable fiber, and particularly thecotton 0 expel all moisture therefrom and saturate the thread used forthis purpose, is found to be fiber with the mixture. greatlyhydroscopic, as if weighed and then So It further consists in the use ofcotton or placed in anoven heatedto 212 Fahrenheit it other fibercovered wires for electric uses, the will part with its moisture and bereduced in process of immersing such covered wires upon weight. Removedagain to the air, it will soon 35 reels in a bath or baths of heatedinsulating reabsorb moisture and return to its original compound, andthen drawing from such bath weight. e have found that toinsure reliableimmersed reels by a second and storing reel and permanent insulation tothe wires every through an intermediate and gaging mold or. possibletrace of moisture must be expelled, plate, as will be hereinafter morefully deand practically theonly method-for effecting 4o scribed. thatobject is the one we have discovered, and

Having thus described the nature of our inwherein the moisture cannotpossibly cause vention, we will now describe the drawings troublethereafter. We place the covered wire hereto annexed, which show anexample ofour in proper and convenient lengths upon reels method ofcarrying the same into practice. that willreadily fitintoaheating-vessel ofprop- 5 Figure l. is a vertical transverse section ofa er material-say two or more abreast lengthmolding-kettle to receivemelted composition wise. Thevessel, standing over a heating-fnr- 5 afterits preparation in the melting and mixing nace, is properly filled withinsulating material kettle, (not shown Fig. 2, an end view of apreviously melted and mixed in another vessel, molding-table. Fig. 3represents a receiving and heated above 212 Fahrenheit, preferably 300.Into this heated mixture-we immerse the reels and their contents. Theexcessive heat will at once convert the moisture into vapor, expellingit from the cotton, and rising through the insulator as steam convertsthe substance near the surface into a fine frothy mass, demanding carethat it does not exceed the capacity of the molding-vessel itself. Thecomposition will at the same time penetrate the cotton to the wires,effectually sealing them against any possible penetration of aqueousmatter at any time thereafter.

In use we employ the obsidine, tempered with a softer medium to giveflexibility and elasticity, as a first coat, and then immerse the reelin a vessel containing the ambertine toobtain a better and non-adhesivesurface; but for general use we prefer to mix the two together, with orwithout the olivineorother compounds. When the froth ceases to rise itwill indicate freedom from moisture. The wire may be then reeled offupon a. receiving-reel, placed at a proper distance for the wire to coolbefore reaching and windingon the reel; and weplaceintermediatelybetween the reels, but nearer the first, a stripping and molding blockconsisting of a conical perforation or aperture through a metal block orplate, to strip off any excess ofthe composition and gage thecoatingevenly.

Among the distillates of petroleum and other mineral oils is paraffine,which is usually sepa rated from its associate compounds by the usualmechanical pressure. We distinctly exelude paraffine from ouremployment. Itslow melting-point and other features render it unfit forour use.

It may be said that electric wires properly Having described ourinvention, what we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-

1. In the insulation ofcotton or fiber covered wires for electric uses,the process of immersing' such prepared wires, in coils or otherwise,into baths of heated insulating material at high temperature, to expel.all moisture therefrom and saturate the fiber with mixture,substantially as and'for the purpose set forth.

2. In the use of cotton or other fiber covered wires for electric uses,the process of immersing such covered wires upon reels in a bath orbaths of heated insulating compound, and drawing it from such bathimmersed reels by a second and storing reel through an intermediate andgaging mold or molds, substantially in the manner and for the purposeset forth.

3. Themethod herein described ofinsulating wire, consisting of firstheating the compound to the required temperature, then immersingfiber-coated wire in said compound, releasing the cotton or other fiberof all moisture and thoroughly saturating it, then drawing the in.-sulated wire through gaging devices, and finally reeling it on areceiving and storing reel. RICHARD S. 'WARING. J. BURRUWS HYDE.Witnesses:

JOHN HENRY .MILLER, J os. W. MARsH.

